|
KMID : 0357220090210020109
|
|
Journal of Korean Society Physical Therapy
2009 Volume.21 No. 2 p.109 ~ p.116
|
|
|
The inhibition of Hypertension-related Response by -estradiol and the Increase of -estradiol Activity by Electrical Stimulation
|
|
Kim Jung-Hwan
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
Purpose: -estradiol is the most active endogenous estrogen, which is related to favorable changes in the plasma lipid profile, to relaxation of the coronary vessels, and to a decrease in platelet aggregation and vascular smooth muscle cell migration. However, although the beneficial effect of estrogens on plasma lipoproteins (ie, lowering low-density lipoprotein and increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) contributes to cardiovascular protection, it does not fully account for the protective effect, particularly in the application of physical therapy, including low frequency electrical stimulation.
Methods: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the inhibition of stressors, such as endothelin-1 (ET-1), serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), prostaglandin (), and a protein kinase C (PKC) activator 12-deoxyphorbol 13-isobutyrate (DPB), induced isometric tension by -estradiol in vascular smooth muscle strips, respectively. In addition, the effects of low frequency electrical stimulation at the meridian points (CV-3, -4, Ki-12, SP-6, LR-3, BL-25, -28, -32, -52) on the indirect antihypertensive effect were examined by monitoring the changes in the serum -estradiol concentration in healthy volunteers.
Results: Isometric tension analysis showed that the responses of inhibited tension by -estradiol were similar to the same stressors in rat aortic smooth muscle strips. Furthermore, although the continued amplitude modulation (AM) type of electrical stimulation was not increased significantly by electrical stimulation, the current of the frequency modulation (FM) type of low frequency electrical stimulation increased the serum -estradiol concentration in normal volunteers.
Conclusion: These results, in part, suggest that -estradiol has the capacity to supress stressor-induced muscle tension, and electrical stimulation, particularly current of the FM type, has a modulatory effect on the sex steroid hormones, particularly -estradiol, in healthy volunteers.
|
|
|
KEYWORD
|
|
|
-estradiol, Hypertension, Vascular smooth muscle tension, Electrical stimulation
|
|
|
FullTexts / Linksout information
|
|
|
|
|
Listed journal information
|
|
 
|
|